6. Programming the LEDs using Arduino ✨

LED blink with Arduino

🛠 Materials:

• 🖥 Arduino board
• 💡 LED (any color)
• 🌈 Resistor (220 ohms)
• 🧲 Jumper wires

📖 Explanation:

• The Arduino board, a versatile microcontroller, is programmed to control an LED’s on-off cycle.
• By setting pin 13 as an output, the LED turns on for 0.5 seconds, off for 0.5 seconds, and repeats.
• This introduces programming an Arduino to control LED behaviors, showcasing its application in electronic projects for controlling various components.

Jumper wires

https://www.tinkercad.com/things/fqHTNg2f4W0-arduino-led-blink

🔹 Experiment Overview

• 💡 Utilizes the Arduino board to control an LED.
• ⏱ LED behavior: On for 0.5 seconds, then Off for 0.5 seconds—this cycle repeats.

🔹 Programming Details

• 💻 Code specifics:
• Sets pin 13 as an output.
• Turns the LED on, waits for 500 milliseconds.
• Turns the LED off, waits for another 500 milliseconds.
• 🔄 Repeats the cycle.

LED dimmer with Arduino

• 🛠 Materials:

•  🖥 Arduino board
• 📌 Breadboard
• 💡 LED (any color)
• 🌈 Resistor (220 ohms)
• 🧲 Jumper wires

🌐 Tinkercad Experiment

• 📖 Explanation:

• The experiment demonstrates using an Arduino to adjust an LED’s brightness connected to digital pin 11.
• Utilizing “for” loops, the brightness level increases and decreases between 0 and 255, managed by “analog Write”.
• This project offers insights into pulse width modulation (PWM) for controlling LED brightness, a technique extendable to motors and other devices, emphasizing PWM’s versatility in electronics.

https://www.tinkercad.com/things/8y5wJgV5Lb2-venu-arduino-led-dimmer

📌 Arduino LED Intensity Control Experiment:

• 🧪 Objective: Learn to control LED intensity using PWM on Arduino.
• 🛠️ Setup: Arduino board with an LED connected to digital pin 11.

💻 Code Overview:

• 📐 Set pin 11 as output.
• 🔆 Initialize “brightness” variable to 0.
• 🔄 Use a “for” loop to increase brightness from 0 to 255 (steps of 5).
• 🔄 Use another “for” loop to decrease brightness from 255 to 0 (steps of 5).
• 🌟 “analog Write” adjusts LED brightness.
• ⏲️ “delay” function for timing control.

🎓 Learning Outcome: Understand PWM and its application in controlling LED intensity.

📌 Push Button with Arduino Project:

📦 Materials Needed:

• 🖥️ Arduino board.
• 💡 LED (any color).
• 🔌 Resistor (220 ohms).
• 🔳 Push button switch.
• 🧲 Jumper wires.

https://www.tinkercad.com/things/dxs46IFW46c-arduinobutton

📋 Single LED Control with Arduino

• 🧠 Overview: Utilize an Arduino board to manage an LED’s status with a push button.
• 🎯 Goal: Learn Arduino programming for controlling an LED with a button.
• 🔧 Setup: Arduino board pin 13 (output) to LED, pin 2 (input) to push button.
• 🔄 Operation:
• 🔽 If button pressed: LED on.
• 🔼 If button not pressed: LED off.
• 💡 Importance: Introduces control of electronics, e.g., motors, sensors, displays with Arduino.

🌈 Multi-color LED with Arduino

• 🧠 Introduction: Experiment with an Arduino to cycle a multi-color LED through colors.

🎨 LED Colors: Red, Blue, Green.

📌 Connections:

• 🔴 Red LED to pin 0.
• 🔵 Blue LED to pin 2.
• 🟢 Green LED to pin 3.
• ➖ Cathode (longest pin) to Arduino GND.

🧰 Materials:

• 🛠 Arduino board.
• 🚥 Multi-color LED.
• 🔌 Breadboard.
• 🎢 Jumper wires.

📝 Procedure:

1. Connect LED pins to Arduino as specified.
2. Connect LED cathode to Arduino GND.
3. Program with code to cycle colors.

• 📊 Results: LED cycles red → blue → green every second.

https://www.tinkercad.com/things/k0BP5WxxOB8-multi-color-led-with-arduino